• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a machine (1) for turning over heaps (11) comprising gathering means (3) and turning means (5) with a crossed belt (23) with pick hammers (25) and spreading means (7). The active strand (71) of the belt transports the heap from the collecting means to the spreading means, this heap describing a half-spiral in such a way that it reverses. Said machine comprises a support structure (43) for supporting the means and lifting them by means of a rotation along a horizontal axis (93). The support structure comprises two arms (45.47) extending longitudinally to the front of the machine, these arms being placed close to each other, each on one side of the belt, and predominantly crossing each other at the same crossing point as said belt such that at least the active strand of said belt lies between the two arms, the heap being able to turn around the two arms when describing a half-spiral.
    公开号:BE1018164A3
    申请号:E200800298
    申请日:2008-05-29
    公开日:2010-06-01
    发明作者:
    申请人:Depoortere Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Turning structure for a machine for turning over heaps
    The present invention relates to a reversing machine, driven or self-propelled, for reversing vegetable stems, in particular of linen, which are in the form of heaps which remain on the field after harvesting. The present invention will be used in particular by manufacturers of agricultural tools and will be applied in agriculture.
    Linen is a fiber plant. In order to facilitate the extraction of the fibers with a view to their use in the textile industry in particular, the linen stems undergo a rotational operation. For this operation, during the harvesting of the linen, after the stems are pulled out, the latter must be used as a rotation. piles are laid on the ground, forming a continuous layer of stems that are parallel to each other and are aligned perpendicular to the direction of travel of the extractor.The pile remains on the field for a sufficient time for the micro-organisms present in the soil the pectin binder that holds the fibers together could biologically degrade.When the degradation is sufficiently advanced, the linen is gathered to be swindled, ie it undergoes treatment at an industrial site for the extraction of the fibers and their cleaning with the eye on its use in the textile industry.
    The biological degradation depends on the humidity conditions and the number of hours of sunshine to which the stems are exposed. Of course, these conditions can vary depending on whether the part of the stem faces the soil or the sky. Therefore, an operation takes place during the rotting process in which the hopes in the field are reversed.
    This so-called reversing operation is carried out with a machine, self-propelled or driven, which comprises gathering means which can lift the pile as a continuous layer of the ground, reversing means which can turn over the gathered layer and spreading means which can spread the layer thus reversed over the ground.
    Such a machine is described, for example, in document FR.2.484.768. In this document, the gathering means comprise a device, generally referred to as a pick-up, which is a kind of cylinder, equipped with retractable metal fingers that are in an outward position, directed towards the bottom, to gather the stems, and then at the following half turn in a retracted position to cause the stems thus collected to be picked up, still as a layer, by the reversing means. In order to allow the stems to come off the ground well and to be able to gather them properly, the pick-up rotates in the opposite direction to the wheels of the machine and about 25% faster than the latter. There are also other collection means other than the pick-up, for example as described in document FR.2.864.425.
    The reversing means usually comprise a crossed belt with pick hammers, the intersection of this belt allowing the hoop to be described as a half-spiral so that the hoop is reversed such that the stems that were first on top of the hoop are now at the bottom and vice versa. This belt with pick hammers is clamped between a front cylinder and a rear cylinder, whereby the cylinder can be coupled to the pick-up as described in document FR.2.484.768 or more generally to the gathering means as in document FR.2.653.295. However, the front cylinder can also be separate from the gathering means as in document FR.2.864.425.
    The spreading means generally comprise a set of two parallel belts with pick-hammers which ensure that the inverted heap is removed from the reversing means and transferred to the bottom. During this transfer, the heap is supported by guide means, for example a plate in document FR.2.653.295, wherein the stems are driven by the pick-hammers carried by the side belts and which penetrate in the heap towards the heads and the feet of the stems, so that the heap is optimally spread on the soil.
    When the machine is not in operation but has to move in particular over the road, the collection means must necessarily be raised above the ground. In the known machines this raising takes place by turning the collecting means and the reversing means, wherein a horizontal axis of rotation which makes this raising possible is located in a zone close to the rear cylinder on which the crossed belt is tensioned; this cylinder is generally coaxial with the cylinders on which the two side belts of the spreading means are tensioned. The machine comprises a support structure for the gathering means and the reversing means, wherein this support structure is mounted rotatably around said horizontal axis of rotation near the rear cylinder of the reversing means. This support structure has a considerable outer dimension to prevent the reversal of the heap, which describes a half-spiral during its movement from front to rear on the reversing means, from being prevented.
    The present invention has for its first object to provide a machine as described above, the supporting structure of which differs from the known supporting structures in order to limit the outer dimensions and in particular to simplify the design of said supporting structure and that of the elements of the reversing means in particular.
    To this end, the invention provides a machine, self-propelled or driven, for turning at least a heap of the type containing at least gathering means that can lift the heap of the ground as a continuous layer, reversing means which can turn over the gathered layer and spreading means that can spread the inverted layer over the ground. The various operations of gathering, reversing and spreading are uninterrupted as the machine moves. The reversing means are formed from a crossed belt with pick hammers, the active strand of the crossed belt allowing transfer of the heap from the gathering means to the spreading means, wherein the crossing of the belt can cause the heap to describe a half-spiral such that hope is reversed. The machine comprises at least one support structure which can at least support the gathering means and the reversing means, and which makes it possible to pull them up by rotating them about a horizontal axis.
    Typically, the support structure comprises at least two arms which extend longitudinally toward the front of the motor over a length corresponding to that of the crossed belt. The arms are mutually coupled at the level of their front and rear ends; the arms are arranged close to each other, each on one side of the crossed belt, whereby they predominantly intersect at the point of intersection of said belt, such that at least the active strand of said crossed belt is placed between the two arms, the heap can turn around the arms when describing a half spiral.
    This placement of the two arms advantageously makes it possible to limit the width of the support structure to a width that approximates the length of the linen stems that form the continuous layer of the pile. This limitation of the width of the support structure makes the motor more accessible, in particular for cleaning and maintenance operations. Moreover, the placement of the arms of the support structure offers the advantage that the design of the motor itself becomes simpler, as does that of the reversing means. After all, the reversing means comprise in particular mechanical elements of the type of round irons with which the layer can be supported during reversing, wherein these round irons are fixed to the support structure. The proximity of the arms to the crossed belt simplifies the attachment of the round irons to the structure and also makes it easier to design round irons that are largely linear over the full length of the reversing means. In the known machines, however, these round irons exhibit a curve or curvature that complicates their design and support elements are required for their assembly on the aforementioned structure on which the stems of the layer block with heaps, which in turn can lead to a blockage of the machine and an interruption of the reverse operation.
    According to a preferred method, the support structure comprises two reinforcement elements for the arms. One of the reinforcement pieces is placed at the back of the arms; the other reinforcement piece is placed at the front of the arms. In particular, these pieces have the shape of a C, such that they each form an upper supporting leg and a lower supporting leg. The upper leg of the back piece is formed in one piece with the first arm of the structure, and the lower leg is formed in one piece with the second arm of the structure. Conversely, the lower arm of the front piece is made in one piece with the first arm and the upper arm is made in one piece with the second arm. These pieces are positioned so that the crossed belt allows the progress of the heap from the front of the reversing means to the rear of the reversing means via the upper legs and the lower legs of the aforementioned pieces.
    The reversing means comprise a front cylinder and a rear cylinder between which the crossed belt is tensioned. The front cylinder is preferably inseparably connected to the front piece, and the rear cylinder is inseparably connected to the rear end of the first arm. According to a preferred design method, the rear end of the first arm comprises extending means. These extension means are arranged such that they allow a control of the position of the rear cylinder, whereby this control can adjust the tension of the crossed belt that is released during use.
    Another object of the present invention is to use a machine whose support structure also makes it possible to support the spreading means. These spreading means comprise at least one belt which is tensioned between a front cylinder and a rear cylinder. The rear cylinder is placed close to the bottom and the front cylinder is inseparably connected to the rear end of the first arm, and is placed in the same axis as the rear cylinder of the reversing means. Thus, the tension control of the crossed belt does not lead to any change in the position with respect to the rear cylinder of the reversing means and the front cylinder of the spreading means.
    Preferably, the front cylinder of the spreading means is pivotally mounted with respect to the rear cylinder of the reversing means. This rotation is effected to make the rear part of the engine accessible in the event of a breakdown of the installation, in particular when the machine is clogged. This rotation has the advantage that the spreading means can be lifted when the motor is stopped, this lifting making the rear of the motor more accessible to pull stems out of the layer with heaps that are blocked in the machine and can cause them to clog.
    According to a preferred method, the collecting means comprise a pick-up equipped with retractable metal fingers. This pick-up is inseparably connected to the front part and is placed in the axis of the front cylinder of the reversing means.
    According to another aspect of the present invention, a machine is proposed whose lifting technique differs from that of the current machines. To that end, the machine according to the invention comprises a chassis on which the support structure is mounted, on which the gathering means are mounted, the reversing means and the spreading means. The support structure, the gathering means, the reversing means and the spreading means together form a whole. This assembly comprises first turning means on the chassis that form a horizontal axis. These turning means following the horizontal axis, in particular, make it possible to lift the whole in an inactive position and to follow the bottom relief in an active position. This design has the advantage that any relative movement between the reversing means and the spreading means that can lead to a blockage of the machine as occurred with machines according to the existing techniques is eliminated during lifting, wherein there is a vertical shift between the rear cylinder of the reversing means and the front cylinder of the spreading means, wherein only the gathering means and the reversing means rotate during lifting, while the spreading means remain in a fixed position on the machine.
    The horizontal axis of the first turning means is preferably placed from the whole to the rear of the machine, preferably close to the rear cylinder of the spreading means. This horizontal axis of rotation of the whole can also coincide with the axis of the rear cylinder of the spreading means. This position of the horizontal axis of rotation considerably limits the relative movements of the rear cylinder of the spreading means relative to the bottom during lifting of the machine, which facilitates the movement of the machine over the road.
    According to a design variant, the machine comprises two assemblies, each comprising a support structure, gathering means, reversing means and spreading means. Both units are each equipped with a first turning means that rotates around a horizontal axis. The machine comprises second turning means mounted on the second whole along a vertical axis in order to be able to adjust the gathering of the second pile according to its location on the bottom with respect to the first pile. This design offers the advantage that any relative angular movement between the turning means and the spreading means on the second whole is eliminated, and thus also any risk of clogging such as existed with machines according to the existing techniques. After all, these machines provide rotating means according to a vertical axis, arranged between the reversing means and the spreading means on the second whole, in order to enable an angular deflection of the aforementioned second whole with respect to the first. This results in an angle shift between the rear cylinder of the reversing means and the front cylinder of the spreading means, which leads to an accumulation of the stems of the layer with heaps at the level of the belts during the transfer of the reversing means to the spreading means.
    The machine preferably comprises means for displacing the second whole laterally along a horizontal axis. These lateral displacement means make it possible to control the distance between the first unit and the second unit.
    In contrast to the prior art cited above, the spreading means are not fixedly fixed here, but are brought to rotate about a horizontal axis, together with the collecting means and the reversing means, these means being connected to the support structure and together form a coherent whole that cannot distort in normal use. Only the spreading means can possibly tilt with respect to the reversing means and the support structure when the machine malfunctions, in particular in the case of a blockage, but then only when the machine is stationary.
    The invention will be better understood when reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the heap reversing machine, illustrated with reference to Figures 1 to 13, wherein: Figure 1 shows a support structure, gathering means, reversing means and spreading means, all of which forms a whole which is mounted on the chassis of a machine according to the invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the assembly as shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 shows the rear end of the support structure that receives the rear cylinder of the reversing means and the front cylinder of the spreading means, said figure representing the extendable control of the crossed belt; Figure 4 shows the rear part of the machine, in particular of the spreading means mounted on the rear end of the support structure; Figures 5 to 8 are a schematic representation of a machine according to the present invention and; Figure 9 shows a design method of the connection between the whole and the chassis of the machine.
    As shown in figures 1 and 5, the machine 1 comprises, self-propelled or driven, from front to back successively gathering means 3, reversing means 5 and spreading means 7. The gathering means 3 make it possible for a continuous layer 11 of stems to form the heap as shown in figure 5 from the bottom. The reversing means 5 can invert the aforementioned continuous layer 11, wherein it describes a half-spiral from the moment that it is lifted in front by the collecting means to the rear of the collecting means. The spreading means 7 can spread the inverted continuous layer 11 'over the ground 9. All of these operations of gathering, reversing and spreading take place continuously while the machine is moving.
    According to the preferred illustrated method, the collecting means comprise a pick-up 13 equipped with retractable metal fingers 15. The pick-up 13 rotates in the direction of arrow F, against the direction of rotation of the wheels 17 of the machine 1, such that the metal fingers 15 which come into contact with the continuous layer 11 and lift them to the surface as can be seen in figure 5. The pick-up is preceded by a wheel 19 which, during the progress of the machine 1, outer surface 21 of the continuous layer 11. This wheel 19 is adjustable in height and makes it possible to keep the distance between the pick-up 13 and the continuous layer 11 constant, regardless of any unevenness in the trees 9.
    In the illustrated example, the reversing means 5 are formed from a belt 23 which is equipped with pick hammers 25, tensioned between a front cylinder 27 and a rear cylinder 29. The front cylinder 27 cooperates with the pick-up 13 in such a way that the layer 11 is lifted by the fingers of the pick-up, is moved by the pick hammers 25 on the belt 23. This belt 23 is crossed between the front cylinder 27 and the rear cylinder 29 such that the layer describes a half spiral between the two cylinders while she moves from front to back. Thus, the stems that were initially on top of the layer on the bottom now come to lie below after turning, and vice versa. The crossed belt has an active strand and a passive strand. By active strand we mean the part of the crossed belt that leads the linen stems from the front cylinder 27 to the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5. Conversely, the passive strand represents the return of the empty crossed belt from the rear cylinder 29 to the front cylinder 27, the linen stems first being transferred to the spreading means 7. The reversing means 5 furthermore contain mechanical elements such as round irons 31 which surround the layer 11 can support while being reversed, when it is no longer supported by the belt hammers. After all, the lifted-up layer 11 is initially rotated by the metal fingers 15 of the pick-up 19, after which it is transferred and supported by the belt 23 until the said layer 11 turns over, supported by the round irons 31; the belt 23 with pick hammers only permits the transport of the layer 11 to the rear of the reversing means 5.
    The spreading means 7 preferably comprises a set of two parallel belts 33, 33 'which are equipped with pick hammers 35, 35'. Each belt 33, 33 'is tensioned mounted between a front cylinder 37, 37' and a rear cylinder 39, 39 '. The front cylinder 37, 37 'is placed in the same axis 41 as the rear cylinder 27 of the reversing means 5. The rear cylinder 39, 39 'is then again placed close to the bottom 9, such that the inverted layer 11', driven by the pick hammers 35, 35 'penetrating into the layer 11', is spread as close to the bottom 9 as possible. to avoid malfunctions. Like the reversing means 5, the spreading means 7 also comprise a mechanical element, in particular round irons or a plate 43 as illustrated in Figure 4, which can support the inverted layer 11 'during its transfer from the front cylinder 37, 37' to the rear cylinder 39, 39 '.
    As shown in figures 1 and 2, the machine 1 comprises at least a support structure 43 which makes it possible to support the gathering means 3, the reversing means 5 and the spreading means 7. This support structure 43 is arranged in such a way that the above-mentioned means can be raised while rotating along a horizontal axis, as described below. This support structure 43 comprises at least two arms 45, 47 which extend lengthwise to the front of the machine 1. By "lengthwise" we mean that the arms 45, 47 are predominantly linear and at a right angle with respect to the pivot axis of the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5. These arms 45, 47 extend over a length which largely corresponds to that of the reversing means 5, i.e. the distance separating the front cylinder 27 from the rear cylinder 29 and between which crossed belt 23 is tensioned. These two arms 45, 47 are connected to each other at their front end 49, 51 and their rear end 53, 55. The arms 45, 47 are placed close together on each side of the crossed belt 23, as shown in Figure 2. These two arms 45, 47 cross each other predominantly at the crossing point 57, shown in Figure 5, which is the same as that of the crossed belt 23, the crossing angle of the two arms 45, 47 preferably being greater than the crossing angle which is defined by the belt 23. According to the invention, at least the active strand of the crossed belt 23 lies between the angle formed by the two arms 45, 47 that cross each other. This crotch position of the two arms 45, 47 arranged close to the crossed belt 23, preferably at an angle greater than that of the aforementioned belt 23, the active strand of the belt 23 being arranged between the angle formed by the two arms 45, 47 intersecting each other, allows the rotation of the layer 11 around these two arms 45, 47 of the structure as soon as it describes a half spiral as it travels from the front to the rear of the reversing means 5 moves. This design is advantageous in the sense that it allows a limited outer dimension of the support structure. Incidentally, the round irons 31 arranged to support the layer 11, 11 'during rotation are mounted on the arms 45, 47, as shown in figures 1 and 2, whereby they are mounted directly on said arms without using a intermediate support plate as was the case with machines according to existing techniques. In this way we prevent the stems of the layer 11, 11 'from getting entangled in the supporting elements of the round irons.
    As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the support structure comprises two reinforcement pieces 59, 61 for the arms 45, 47 that reinforce the structure 43. The first reinforcement piece 59 is arranged at the rear of the arms 45, 47, and the second reinforcement piece is arranged at the front of the arms. These two pieces 59, 61 preferably have the shape of a C, or optionally an inverted C as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. These two reinforcement pieces 59, 61 each have an upper support branch 63, 65 and a lower support branch 67, 69.
    The first arm 45 is inseparably connected to the upper leg 63 of the rear piece 59 and is inseparably connected to the lower leg 69 of the front piece 61. Conversely, the second arm 47 is inseparably connected to the lower leg 67 of the rear piece 59 and it is also inseparably connected to the upper leg 65 of the front piece 61. Thus, the two arms 45, 47 have a point of intersection that is largely at the same distance from the front piece as from the rear piece. This point of intersection between the two arms largely corresponds to the point of intersection 57 of the belt 23 with pinch hammers of the reversing means 5. Incidentally, the distance between the upper leg 63, 65 and the lower leg 67, 69 is on the front part 61 and the rear part piece 59 so that the crossed belt 23 lies between the intersection angle formed by the two arms 45, 47. Preferably as shown in Figure 1, the positioning of the reversing means 5 relative to the arms 45, 47 of the structure 43 has been studied such that the first portion 71 of the crossed belt 23, in other words the active strand that makes the transfer possible of the stems of the layer can be appropriately placed in the corner formed between the two crossed arms 45, 47, while the second portion 73 of the crossed belt 23, in other words the passive strand that allows the return from the rear to the front for the belt, is placed substantially parallel to the first arms 45 of the support structure 43. Another possibility is that the crossed belt is completely enclosed between the angle formed by the two arms 45, 47 in a cross.
    The C-shape of the reinforcement pieces 59, 61 is otherwise dimensioned such that the passage of at least a part of the stems of the layer 11 between the upper legs 63, 65 and the lower 67, 69 legs of the aforementioned pieces 59 is made possible. 61 during their movement from front to back on the reversing means 5. Thus, the stems of the layer 11 are lifted by the pick-up 13 and then transported through the crossed belt 23, the linen stems passing through the front reinforcement piece 61 via the upper leg 65 and lower leg 69, and the linen stems then move from a horizontal position 75 to an intermediate vertical position 77, illustrated in Figure 1, corresponding to the intersection point 57 on the belt 23, and between the two arms 45, 47, and then from the intermediate position 77 to the rear position where the linen stems are placed in an inverted horizontal position 79 with respect to the horizontal entrance position 75, wherein the linen stems are subsequently transferred to the bottom 11 by the spreading means 7.
    As shown in figures 1 and 2, the front cylinder 27 of the reversing means 5 is inseparably connected to the front piece 61, preferably with the lower leg 69 of said piece 61, in such a way that part 71 of the crossed belt 23 the transport of the stems of the layer 11 is placed between the upper leg 65 and the lower leg 69, and the part 73 of the crossed belt 23 corresponding to the return of said belt is placed under the lower leg 69. The rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5 is in turn inseparably connected to the rear end 53 of the first arms 45; it is positioned so that the part 71 of the crossed belt 23 that allows the transport of the stems of the layer 11 'is placed between the lower leg 67 and the upper leg 63 of the rear reinforcement piece 59, and that the part 73 of the belt 23 allowing the return to the front position is placed above the upper leg 63 of said rear piece 59.
    According to a preferred design method shown in Figure 3, the rear end 53 of the first arms 45 comprises extending means 81 on which the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5 is mounted. These extension means 81 are formed from a secondary arm 83 which engages in the hollow end 85 of the first arm 45. These adjusting means 87 are arranged between the second arm 83 and the end 53 of the first arm 45, such that the second arm 83 can slide with respect to this end 53 and control its position while a fastening is guaranteed between the two elements 45, 83 once the setting has been made. These extending means 81 are positioned so that they can control the position of the rear cylinder 29 relative to the front cylinder 27, between which the crossed belt 23 is tensioned, which advantageously makes it possible to control the tension of the crossed belt. It is therefore no longer necessary to interrupt the belt and provide a connection point to the latter in order to retighten it, as was the case with machines using the existing techniques.
    As shown in Figure 3, the front cylinder 37, 37 'of the spreading means 7 is inseparably connected to the rear end 53 of the first arm 45, and in particular to the second arm 83 which is slidably mounted on the end of said first arm 45. is. The front cylinder 37, 37 'of the spreading means 7 is preferably placed on the same axis 41 as the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5. During adjustment of the extending means 81 which make it possible to tension the belt 23, the spreading means undergo 7 a slight translation to the rear of the machine or to the front if the belt 23 is too strongly tensioned, without this having any effect during the transfer of the inverted layer 11 'from the reversing means 5 to the spreading means 7.
    In a preferred and non-limiting manner, the spreading means 7 can rotate with respect to the reversing means 5. For this purpose, the front cylinder 37, 37 'of the spreading means 7 is pivotally mounted with respect to the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5. This mounting in rotating connection is realized along the axis 41 of the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5, which corresponds to the axis of the front cylinder 37, 37 'of the spreading means 7. Thus, the spreading means 7 can be tilted with respect to the reversing means when the machine 1 malfunctions, in particular when it becomes clogged, in other words when the stems of the reverse layer remain blocked. This rotation of the spreading means 7 with respect to the reversing means 5 is only used when the machine malfunctions. In normal use, the gathering means, the reversing means and the support structure mounted on the support structure 43 form one whole.
    Preferably, the different means are driven by a single drive means 89, shown in Figure 3. This drive means 89 is arranged at the rear cylinder 29 of the reversing means 5 and the front cylinder 37, 37 'of the spreading means 7, the aforementioned cylinders are placed along the same axis of rotation 41.
    As shown in figures 1, 2, 4, the machine 1 comprises a chassis 91 on which the support structure 43 is mounted. This support structure 43 comprises first turning means on the chassis 91 along a horizontal axis 93, illustrated in figures 6, 7 and 9. Thus, the whole 95, illustrated in figures 6 to 8 and formed from the support structure 43, the gathering means 3, the reversing means 5 and the spreading means 7, pivoting with respect to chassis 91 mounted along the horizontal axis 93. These first pivoting means along the horizontal axis make it possible in particular to lift the whole 95 in a non-active position, whereby the pick-up 13 and the wheel 19 equipped with the adjusting means as shown in Figure 7 can be lifted with a view to the movement along the roadway. This rotation along the horizontal axis 93 also makes it possible to follow the relief of the bottom 9 in an active position thanks to the wheel 19 which is placed at the end of the gathering means 3 in front of the second arm 47, whereby this wheel makes it possible to maintain a constant distance between the pick-up and the layer, regardless of the unevenness in the floor on which the layer is laid.
    The transition from the active working position of the machine 1 to the non-active position is achieved by rotating the assembly 95 around the horizontal axis of rotation 93 with respect to the chassis of the machine. According to the example as illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12, this horizontal axis of rotation 93 is preferably the same as the axis of rotation of the rear cylinder 39, 39 'of the spreading means 7. Also a position of the horizontal axis 93 which is slightly moved forward with respect to of the rotational axis of the rear cylinder 39, 39 'is conceivable.
    Figures 6 and 7 show working surfaces passing through the axis of rotation of the front cylinder of the reversing means and the axis of rotation 93, corresponding to the axes of rotation of the rear cylinders 39, 39 'of the spreading means 7, respectively the working surface P1 in active working position and the plan P2 in non-active position, with a rotation to the upper of an angle a. As shown in Figure 7, the whole 95 is subjected to the rotation of an angle α, γ including the spreading means 7. The use of the pivot axis 93 together with the axis of rotation of the rear cylinders 39, 39 ', in other words close to the axis of rotation of the rear cylinders 39, 39' of the spreading means 7, prevents movement problems with respect to the aforementioned rear cylinders during lifting of the whole 95 However, this relative movement of the cylinders 39, 39 'is not excluded in the present invention, particularly when the axis of rotation 93 is close to the axis of the rear cylinders 39, 39 '.
    According to a design variant, the machine 1 can reverse the two heaps during the same passage, whereby the work rhythm can be doubled. To this end, the machine is equipped with two units 95, 95 'as described above, each comprising a support structure, gathering means, reversing means and spreading means. The assemblies 95, 95 'as illustrated in Figure 1 are mounted such that they rotate along a horizontal axis 93 with first turning means 5. The simultaneous reversal of two heaps during the same passage of the machine 1 makes it necessary to take into account variations in the placement between two piles that are processed simultaneously and that are not always exactly parallel. After all, the distance between two heaps varies, first and foremost depending on the type of machine that cuts and lays the layers on the ground, whereby the distance between the two layers can vary according to the cutting machine used, and then according to fluctuations in the relief of the bottom 9. To this end, the one assembly 95 'is mounted in rotation with respect to a vertical axis 97 which is located at the rear of the machine 1, largely at the level of the outlet of the spreading means 7.
    In the example as shown in Figs. 6 to 8, this vertical axis of rotation 97 is placed in the middle between the belts 33, 33 'of the spreading means 7, at the level of the axis of rotation of the rear cylinders 39, 39'.
    This vertical axis of rotation 97 passes through the center plane P3 of the front cylinders 27 and rear cylinders 29 of the reversing means 5. Thus, these second rotational means of the second assembly 95 'make it possible to change the position of the collection means with respect to the first assembly 95 ®n in order to be able to take account of fluctuations in the distance between the two heaps. The position of the vertical axis of rotation 97 at the rear of the machine 1, at the rear cylinders 39, 39 'of the spreading means 7, makes it possible to limit the angle of rotation β of the second whole 95' and prevents fluctuations in the rear end of the spreading means, which guarantees a constant spacing between the two inverted layers of heaps that are spread on the ground by the spreading means 7 of the two units 95, 95 '.
    Incidentally, the machine 1 comprises means that move the second whole 95 'laterally with respect to the first whole 95 to change the spacing between the two units 95, 95' depending on the initial spacing of the two heaps depending on the type of machine used. for cutting and depositing the continuous layers 11 on the bottom 9. This lateral displacement of the second whole 95 'takes place along a horizontal axis, this horizontal axis preferably coinciding with the horizontal axis of rotation 93, shown in Figure 8, of the first horizontal turning means of the second whole 95 '.
    As shown in Figure 9, the machine 1 comprises a connection 99 which can simultaneously receive the first rotary means along a horizontal axis 93, the second rotary means along a vertical axis 97 and the lateral displacement means along said horizontal axis 93 of the first rotary means. This connection 99 is placed between the chassis 91 and the support structure 43 on which the gathering means 3, the reversing means 5 and the spreading means 7 are mounted, all of which together form the aforementioned whole 95 '. This connection consists of a support head 101 which is inseparably connected to the chassis 91 of the machine 1, wherein an intermediate support element 103 fits into the support head 101, in rotary connection with said head 101 mounted along the vertical axis of rotation 97. This intermediate support element 103 receives rotating a spindle 105, inextricably connected to the support structure 43, and forming the horizontal axis of rotation 93. This spindle 105 can slide with respect to the intermediate support element 103 along the horizontal axis of rotation 93 to allow a lateral displacement of the support structure 43 with respect to the chassis 91, and thus with respect to the whole 95 'with respect to the above-mentioned chassis 91. Thanks to this connection, the angular displacements of the spindle, and therefore of the whole, can be limited during the rotation of the intermediate support element with respect to the head along the vertical axis, so that there are two extreme angular displacement positions of the second whole with respect to the first whole can be achieved, wherein said first unit is only equipped with horizontal turning means. This limitation of the angular rotation of the spindle on the head is achieved thanks to two stop positions of said spindle on the sides of said head, thereby limiting the spring height.
    The design of the machine 1 according to the present invention, consisting of a support structure 43, gathering means 3, reversing means 5 and spreading means 7 which together form a whole 95, 95 ', this whole being mounted rotatably along a horizontal axis 93 and possibly also rotating along a vertical axis 97 in the case of a machine 1 comprising two assemblies 95, 95 'has considerable advantages over the machines according to the existing techniques which only provide for lifting of the gathering means and reversing means, said gathering means and reversing means rotating mounted with respect to the spreading means. These machines also provide rotating means along a vertical axis of the gathering means and of the reversing means with respect to the spreading means when said machine makes it possible to reverse two piles simultaneously. In the design of the existing machines, during the rotation along the horizontal axis or along the vertical axis arranged between the rear end of the reversing means and the front end of the spreading means, a shift occurred between the rear cylinder of the reversing means and the front cylinders of the spreading means, which can prevent a good progress of the stems from the layer of piles during their passage from the reversing means to the spreading means. As a result, the stems can locally accumulate at one of the belts in the passage zone between the reversing means and the spreading means, an accumulation that can form an insurmountable obstacle. The mutual movements between the reversing means and the spreading means, incidentally, require the use of separate drive means.
    For these reasons, the machine 1 according to the invention uses two assemblies as described above. We note, however, that the use of a supporting structure 43 for the machine 1 as described above and also the object of the present invention is also conceivable for reversing machines according to the existing techniques which provide horizontal turning means and vertical turning means which are located between the rear end of the turning means and the front end of the reversing means are arranged.
    Other variants of the design of the support structure are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    A machine (1), self-propelled or driven, for turning at least one heap, of the type comprising at least gathering means (3) which the heap on the ground (9) in the form of a continuous layer (11) can lift, reversing means (5) capable of reversing the gathered layer and spreading means (7) capable of spreading the inverted layer (11 ') over the ground (9), the various operations of gathering, reversing and spreading happening continuously while the machine (1) moves, said reversing means comprising a crossed belt (23) with pick hammers (25), the active strand (71) of the belt (23) transferring the heap from the collecting means (3) to allows the spreading means (7), wherein the intersection of the belt can cause the heap to describe a half-spiral, such that the heap is inverted, the machine (1) comprising at least a support structure (43) comprising at least the gathering means ( 3) and the reversing means (5) can carry, and which makes it possible to raise them by rotating them around a horizontal axis (93), characterized in that the support structure (43) comprises at least two arms (45, 47) extending longitudinally to the front of the machine (1) over a length corresponding to that of the crossed belt (23), the arms (45, 47) being mutually connected at the height of their ends (49, 51) at the front and at the rear (53, 55), and are arranged close to each other on one side of the crossed belt (23), crossing substantially at the same intersection point (57) as said belt (23) such that at least the active strand of said belt (23) ) is located between the two arms, and the heap (11) can rotate around the two arms (45, 47) when describing a half-spiral.
    [2]
    Machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (43) comprises two reinforcement pieces (59, 61) for the arms (45, 47), the one (59) being at the rear of the arms (45, 47) placed the other (61) at the front, the pieces (59, 61) in particular having the shape of a C, such that they each have an upper support leg (63, 65) and a lower support leg (67, 69), wherein the upper leg (63) of the back piece (59) is inseparably connected to the first arm (45) and the lower leg (67) is inseparably connected to the second arm (47), and vice versa, the lower leg (69) ) of the front piece (61) is inseparably connected to the first arm (45) and the upper leg (65) is inseparably connected to the second arm (47), the crossed belt (23) being the progress of the heap (61) ) from the front piece (61) to the rear piece (59) between the upper leg (63, 65) and the lower leg (67, 69) of said pieces (59 , 61).
    [3]
    Machine (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the reversing means (5) comprise a front cylinder (27) and a rear cylinder (29) between which the crossed belt (23) is tensioned, the front cylinder (27) being inseparable is connected to the front piece (61) and the rear cylinder (29) to the rear piece (53) of the first arm (45).
    [4]
    Machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the rear end (53) of the first arm (45) comprises extension means (81) arranged so that the position of the rear cylinder (29) can be adjusted with it , whereby the tension of the crossed belt (23) can be adjusted.
    [5]
    Machine (1) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the support structure (43) also makes it possible to support the spreading means (7), and in that the spreading means (7) comprises at least one belt (33, 33 ') which is tensioned between a front cylinder (37, 37') and a rear cylinder (39, 39 '), the rear cylinder (39, 39') being placed close to the ground (9) and the front cylinder (37, 37 ') is inseparably connected to the rear end (53) of the first arm (45) and lies in the same axis (41) as the rear cylinder (29) of the reversing means (5).
    [6]
    Machine (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the front cylinder (37, 37 ') of the spreading means (7) is mounted rotating relative to the rear cylinder (29) of the reversing means (5), whereby the rear side of the machine (1) is accessible in the event of a malfunction.
    [7]
    Machine (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the gathering means (3) comprise a pick-up (13) equipped with retractable metal fingers (15), said pick-up (13) is inseparably connected to the front piece (61) and is placed in the axis of the front cylinder (27) of the reversing means (5).
    [8]
    Machine (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the collecting means (3) comprise a wheel (19) which is equipped with adjusting means, said wheel (19) at the front end (51) of the second arm (47) is arranged to maintain a constant distance between the pick-up (13) and the layer (11), regardless of the unevenness in the bottom (9).
    [9]
    Machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the gathering means (3), the reversing means (5) and the spreading means (7) are driven by a single drive means (89).
    [10]
    Machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a chassis (91) on which the support structure (43) is mounted, characterized in that said support structure (43), the gathering means (3), the reversing means (5) and the spreading means (7) together form a whole (95, 95 '), said whole comprising first turning means on said chassis (91) along a horizontal axis (93), in particular for lifting it in the non-active position and for following the relief in the bottom (5) in the active position.
    [11]
    Machine (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the horizontal axis (93) of the first turning means of the assembly (95, 95 ') is arranged at the rear of the machine (1), close to the rear cylinder (39, 39' ) of the spreading means (7), or even coinciding therewith.
    [12]
    Machine (1) according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that it comprises two assemblies (95, 95 '), each of which is a support structure (43), gathering means (3), reversing means (5) and spreading means (7) each having first turning means along a horizontal axis (93), the machine comprising second turning means of the second assembly along a vertical axis (97) for adjusting the gathering of the second pile according to its position on the bottom (9) with regard to the first hope.
    [13]
    Machine (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that. comprises the lateral displacement means of the second assembly (95 ') along the horizontal axis (93) for controlling the spacing between the first assembly (95) and the aforementioned second assembly (95')
    [14]
    Machine (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a connection (99) which simultaneously comprises the first rotary means along a horizontal axis (53), the second rotary means along a vertical axis (97) and the lateral displacement means according to said horizontal axle, wherein said connection (99) is placed between the support structure (43) and the chassis (91) of the machine (1).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2916604A1|2008-12-05|
    FR2916604B1|2009-09-04|
    NL1035498C2|2009-11-03|
    NL1035498A1|2008-12-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    BE1028420B1|2020-06-22|2022-01-31|Hyler BV|FIBER PLANT PROCESSING MACHINE|FR1196123A|1958-05-13|1959-11-20|Method for collecting seeds from tall-stemmed plants and machine for applying the method|
    FR2484768A1|1980-06-23|1981-12-24|Neufville Charles|Flax-gathering machine stacking flax on ground to aid steeping - is mounted to side of tractor and has stacking table moved vertically and mounted at rear of machine|
    BE897602A|1983-08-26|1984-02-27|Depoortere Michel|Wheeled turnover mechanism for retting flax straw - has two pick=up units with turnover belts, one being laterally movable and swivelable|
    FR2653295B1|1989-10-25|1992-02-14|Rauch Guy Alain Sarl|IMPROVED DEVICE FOR PICKING UP, TURNING AND DISPLAYING FLAX IN THE FORM OF SWATHES.|
    FR2864425B1|2003-12-30|2006-03-24|Robaeys Freres Sa Van|DEVICE FOR COLLECTING ANDAINS|RU2474104C1|2011-08-24|2013-02-10|Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации льноводства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук |Turner of flax stems|
    BE1028417B1|2020-06-22|2022-01-31|Hyler BV|FIBER PLANT PROCESSING MACHINE|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR0755383|2007-05-31|
    FR0755383A|FR2916604B1|2007-05-31|2007-05-31|CARRIER STRUCTURE FOR ANDAINS RETRACTOR|
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